Motor-fuel



'en of the United States,

UNITED. STATES PATENT o ncE. f

ALBERT HAYES, or NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR, BY MESNEASSIGNMENTS, TO U.s.

INDUSTRIAL ALCOHOL 00., A CORPORATION or wnsr VIRGINIA.

MOTOR-FUEL.

N 0 Drawing.

' To all 107mm it may concern Beit known that I, ALBERT HAYES, acitiresiding at New York, in the county of New York, State of New York,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Motor- F uel, ofwhich the following is'a description.

My invention relates to motor fuels for use in'explosion engines and forlike purposes and'has for its objectto produce a stable, homogeneousliquid. fuel, the constituents ofv whichare not separated out atordinary temperatures, and which is furthermore permanentlynon-stratifying having as its basis and principal constituents alcoholand kerosene or other PGt-I'OlGllIIl CllS- tillate, which will beadapted for-use in explosion engines of ordinary construction withcarbureters such as are ordinarily used with gasolene, and will beadapted to produce with the usual admixture of air an explosive mixtureas effective as or even more effective than the explosive mixture formedfrom gasolene.

lVith the above object in View my invention consists in the'motor fuelhereinafter described and claimed.

It is well known that ethyl alcohol can be produced at a comparativelylow cost and as it can be produced from any fermentable material thereis practically no limit to the variousliquids with amount which can beroduced while gasolene, being a product of petroleum, of which it formsonly a part, is necessarily limited by the amount of petroleum produced,.and whileit is well known that alcohol is capable of being vaporized toform, with admixture of air, an explosive mixture, attempts to use itfor this purpose with explosive engines of the ordinary type withcarburetors such as are used for gasolene have not been successful. Ithas been thought that a mixture of alcohol with kerosene or otherpetroleum distillate should sive mixture but in the attempt to make sucha mixture it was found that alcohol and kerosene or other petroleumdistillate would not mix in substantial proportions so as to form astable, non-stratifying liquid. Attempts have been made without successto produce such a liquid by the addition-of the alcohol and petroleumdistillate.

I By my invention such a liquid is formed.

Specification of Letters Patent.

I ably heavier than gasolene,

. agitating,

.less strength the 5 I for an explosive for an explo- 111 carrying outmy invention I take kerosene or other petroleum distillate prefer thoughgasolene may be used, and mix with it ether inthe proportion of aboutone part of ether to fifteen parts (preferablynot more than sixteen orless than fourteen parts) of kerosene or other petroleum distillate,blending these constituents thoroughly by stirring'or' and add'to thismixture from seven to twenty parts of benzol,blending these constituentsas before, and then add seventy parts of-alcohol, the

from nine to alcohol being added slowly and blended with the mixture bystirring or agitating Patented'Dec. 7, 1920. v Application M August. 27,1919. Serial No. 320,254..

as it is added. The petroleum distillate with the ether forms acomposition or mixture with which the alcohol readily blends or combinesto form a liquid from which the constituents will not separate bystandingor as a consequence of ordinary changes of temperature. I

The motor fuel thus produced may vary widely in the proportion ofalcohol to the other constituents and the proportion vof benzol may bevaried considerably depending somewhat on the flash point which theliquid mixture is to have, but the proportion of ether to petroleumdistillate should not be varied materially from that stated. The alcoholand petroleum distillate together should form not less thanthree-fourths of the fuel.

The alcohol is preferably ordinary commercial ethyl alcohol of 95 percent. or even per cent. or more of water readily with the mixture to itsqualities as a basis mixture and apparently present blending withoutdetriment with advantage.

Methyl alcohol may be used instead of ethyl alcohol with equally goodresults and doubtless there are other alcohols of sufficient volatilitywhich would serve in this connection. In view of the fact, however, thatethyl alcohol is readily obtainable by the fermentation of a variety ofwaste products it will be more available than any other alcohol. Methylethervmay be used instead of the ordinary ethyl ether and other ethersmay be used, the term ether-as used herein being intended to include anyether.

The alcohol may be advantageously blended withv the other: contituentsby:

Having thus described my invention what v .v I claim is:

1. A motor fuel comprising a petroleum distillate, an alcohol, benzol,and an ether, the constituents being homogeneously blended 2. The motorfuel claimed in claim 1 in which the petroleum distillate and thealcoholtogether form not less than three fourths of the whole.

' 3. ,The motor fuel claimed in claims 1 and 2 in which the proportionof the alcohol is greater than that of the petroleum distillate. t

4. A motor fuel: comprising a petroleum distillate, an alcohol, benzol,and an ether, the constituents being homogeneously blended in such a wayas not to be separated out at ordinary temperatures.

5. A motor fuel comprising a petroleum distillate, alcohol, benzol, andan ether, the

constituents being homogeneously blended in such away as not to beseparated out at ordinary temperatures.

6. A motor fuel comprising gasolene, an alcohol, benzol, and an ether,the constituents being homogeneously blended in such a way as not to beseparated out at ordinary temperatures.

7. A motor 9. A motor fuel comprising gasolene, al-

cohol, benzol, and ether, the constituents being homogeneously blendedin such away as not to be separated out at ordinary temperatures.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature this 22nd day of Au st, 1919'.

AL RT HAYES.

fuel com rising gasolene. al- A cohol, benzol, and an et er, theconstituents

